Colposcopy is a procedure that uses a special microscope (called a colposcope) to investigate the lower female genital tract, including the vulva, vagina, and to closely examine the cervix (the opening to the uterus, or womb).
The colposcope magnifies the image of the outer portion of the cervix, allowing the doctor to have a clearer view. Sometimes, a small tissue sample (biopsy) is taken for further study. The tissue samples will be sent for histological examination, aiding the doctor in determining the appropriate treatment for any issues found. If cervical cancer is detected early or if there are pre-cancerous cell changes, it can be treated and almost always cured. In cases of pre-cancers and early cancers of the cervix, sometimes the removal of a part of the cervix may be the sole treatment required.
Why would a woman need a colposcopy?
Colposcopy is usually performed when a woman has an abnormal cervical screening test (CST). (Pap tests are regularly done to screen for cervical cancer). Other reasons for a colposcopy may include when the cervix, vagina, or vulva appears abnormal during a pelvic exam.
Procedure
During a colposcopy, you will lie on an examination table similar to a regular pelvic exam. The doctor uses an instrument called a speculum to widen the vaginal walls. They then place the colposcope, a microscope-like device with a light at the end, at the vaginal opening. The colposcope does not enter the vagina. The doctor examines the vagina to identify any problematic areas on the cervix or in the vagina. If any areas are concerning, a small tissue sample (biopsy) may be taken. This might cause slight pressure, a pinch, or a cramp. The tissue is then sent to a lab for further analysis.
Post-procedure
Most women feel fine after a colposcopy. You might feel a little lightheaded, and if a biopsy was taken, you might have some light bleeding.
Risks of colposcopy
There is a very slight risk of infection during a colposcopy. You might experience mild pain and cramping during the procedure and light bleeding afterward, especially if a biopsy is performed. If you experience heavy bleeding, fever, or severe pain after the procedure, it’s advisable to contact our clinic immediately.
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Our Coastal Women’s Health team is dedicated to providing the best medical care. We conduct focused obstetric and surgical audits to ensure we maintain the highest standard, which our patients rightfully deserve.